Dinamika Global dan Metrik Strategis Keterlibatan Karyawan: Tinjauan Pustaka Sistematis (Systematic Literature Review) Terhadap Trajektori Riset Employee Engagement dan Work Engagement
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Kerja hibrida dan transformasi digital telah mengubah pengalaman karyawan, sehingga keterlibatan perlu dipahami melampaui kehadiran fisik dan ukuran produktivitas konvensional. Penelitian ini bertujuan menelaah perkembangan riset *employee engagement* dan *work engagement*, mengidentifikasi anteseden serta luarannya, dan merumuskan kerangka konseptual integratif. Metode penelitian menggunakan tinjauan pustaka sistematis melalui basis data Scopus dengan prosedur seleksi berpedoman pada PRISMA. Naskah melaporkan penelusuran publikasi periode 2022–2026, dengan penyaringan berdasarkan jenis dokumen, bidang subjek, kata kunci, bahasa, aksesibilitas, dan relevansi. Sintesis tematik mengidentifikasi ekosistem tempat kerja, kepemimpinan berempati, dan kejelasan peran sebagai unsur yang berkaitan dengan keterlibatan karyawan. *Employee engagement* mencakup keterikatan terhadap peran dan organisasi, sedangkan *work engagement* menekankan energi, dedikasi, dan penghayatan dalam pekerjaan. Pembahasan menghubungkan keselarasan lingkungan fisik dan virtual serta dukungan kepemimpinan dengan kebermaknaan, rasa aman, dan ketersediaan psikologis sebagai jalur potensial menuju keterlibatan, retensi, dan produktivitas. Hubungan tersebut merupakan proposisi konseptual yang belum membuktikan hubungan sebab akibat melalui pengujian empiris dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa pengelolaan keterlibatan memerlukan integrasi desain tempat kerja, praktik kepemimpinan, dan pemenuhan kebutuhan psikologis karyawan. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan menguji kerangka secara longitudinal pada beragam sektor dan budaya dengan membedakan pengukuran kedua konstruk serta menggunakan indikator organisasi yang objektif untuk menilai konsistensi hubungan dan relevansi praktisnya.
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