Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kepatuhan Minum Obat Pada Pasien Hipertensi di Klinik Ikhlas Medika Serang, Banten
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Hipertensi merupakan penyakit kronis yang memerlukan terapi antihipertensi jangka panjang untuk mengendalikan tekanan darah dan mencegah komplikasi. Kepatuhan minum obat merupakan faktor penting dalam keberhasilan terapi, tetapi tingkat kepatuhan pasien hipertensi masih relatif rendah. Beberapa faktor, seperti usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, durasi hipertensi, jumlah obat antihipertensi, polifarmasi, dan pengetahuan tentang hipertensi, diduga berhubungan dengan kepatuhan pengobatan. Tujuan penelitian untuk Mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan minum obat antihipertensi pada pasien hipertensi di Klinik Ikhlas Medika 2 Serang, Banten. Penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross-sectional melibatkan 203 pasien hipertensi peserta Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis (PROLANIS) yang dipilih menggunakan consecutive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner MMAS-8, HK-LS, dan rekam medis, kemudian dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik. Sebanyak 112 subjek (55,18%) memiliki kepatuhan rendah, 70 (34,48%) kepatuhan sedang, dan 21 (10,34%) kepatuhan tinggi. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa durasi hipertensi >5 tahun (adjusted OR 3,10; IK95% 1,57–6,11; p=0,001), penggunaan >1 jenis obat antihipertensi (adjusted OR 3,12; IK95% 1,14–8,57; p=0,027), polifarmasi (adjusted OR 5,08; IK95% 1,33–19,73; p=0,019), dan pengetahuan hipertensi tinggi (adjusted OR 5,15; IK95% 1,75–15,13; p=0,003) berhubungan signifikan dengan kepatuhan. Usia, jenis kelamin, dan pendidikan tidak berhubungan signifikan. Model memiliki goodness-of-fit yang baik (Hosmer–Lemeshow p=0,242). Durasi hipertensi, jumlah obat antihipertensi, polifarmasi, dan tingkat pengetahuan merupakan faktor independen yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan minum obat antihipertensi.
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