Optimasi Keandalan Houseload Operation Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) Supercritical Dengan Rekayasa Sistem Condensate Injection
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Keandalan operasi pembangkit listrik menjadi aspek penting dalam menjaga stabilitas sistem tenaga listrik, terutama ketika terjadi gangguan jaringan yang menyebabkan load rejection. Pada kondisi tersebut, kemampuan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) untuk mempertahankan operasi houseload sangat diperlukan agar unit tetap mampu menyuplai kebutuhan internal dan mencegah terjadinya shutdown. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penyebab kegagalan houseload operation pada PLTU Supercritical Lontar Extension 315 MW serta mengevaluasi pengaruh penerapan sistem condensate injection terhadap peningkatan keandalan operasi Boiler Feed Pump (BFP). Metode penelitian dilakukan melalui analisis data operasi aktual saat pengujian komisioning, perhitungan parameter Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH), serta simulasi proses menggunakan Aspen Hysys untuk menentukan kebutuhan laju aliran kondensat yang optimal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegagalan operasi houseload disebabkan oleh penurunan NPSH margin yang memicu proteksi BFP akibat risiko kavitasi. Penerapan sistem condensate injection dengan laju aliran sekitar 32–37 ton/jam mampu menurunkan temperatur inlet BFP, meningkatkan NPSH margin hingga rata-rata 21,4 m, serta memperpanjang durasi operasi houseload dari 499 detik menjadi 8.334 detik. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, sistem condensate injection terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan keandalan PLTU Supercritical selama kondisi transien dan mendukung kontinuitas pasokan listrik.
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