MADRASAH-ORIENTED EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT

Muhammad Husein Yusuf¹, Aulia Fatima², Hj. Siti Patimah³

Raden Intan Lampung State Islamic University

Email: [email protected]¹, [email protected]², [email protected]³

Abstract

The importance of madrasa-centered management and issues related to the management of the curriculum in madrasah in order to facilitate the learning process in an educational institution. This article aims to understand the concepts of Islamic education management, curriculum management, student affairs, infrastructure, finance, and the challenges Madrasah management faces. This article is written based on a literature study. This study relies on library research methods, where the necessary data and information to refine this article are taken from sources available in libraries, such as books and journals. A description of the madrasah, including its issues, curriculum management, facilities and infrastructure management, student management, financial management, and management challenges. Management is crucial in ensuring the smoothness of the learning process at educational institutions, including establishing positive relationships between the institution and parents or students, as well as the community. This discussion will address aspects of management at educational institutions, such as Madrasah management and its issues, curriculum management, facilities and infrastructure management, student management, and financial management and its challenges. All elements within the management of educational institutions must be integrated and have a close reciprocal relationship because if one aspect encounters problems, the learning process can be disrupted.

Keywords: Madrasah-Based Management; Islamic Education Management; Curriculum Management.

Corresponding Author: Muhammad Husein Yusuf

E-mail: [email protected]

Introduction

Management and leadership are crucial in an institution's education, a yardstick measuring an institution's quality and standards. Paradigm management based emerging schools /madrasahs as draft new This is not only topic talks in realm management education, but also considered as step innovative and strategic towards enhancing quality education as well as managing more management Good (Hidayat & Machali, 2012).

Management refers to all planned activities to reach something objective. Fatah Gratitude defines management as a science and art that organizes the utilization process source Power man as well as source of other power with an effective and efficient way to achieve goals that have been set. In the context article, management will discuss more carry-on related to one form of formal education, madrasah.

Madrasah is a term taken from Arabic, "madrasah," which means "place study." Place This can considered similar to "school". However, in the context of the national education system, there are differences between them. Schools are generally recognized as institutions of education emphasizing the eyes lesson general and below management Ministry of Education. On the other hand, madrasas highlight educational eye lessons on religion and below management Department of Religion (Mariana & Helmi, 2022).

Management is an essential part of and not inseparable from the educational process. Existence management is critical to the goal education can achieve in a maximum, effective, and efficient way. In essence, management education is a vital tool for reaching educational goals. When applied in sector education, principles management assumes a significant role (Aziz, 2015).

Management education characters in madrasas, as an effort To reduce inequality in results reflected education from behavior students, as well as alums such as involved in brawls, illegal racing, sex free, use drugs, theft, and behavior, deviate others can implemented through some stage. Stages cover planning, organizing, implementing, supervising, and evaluation (Salim, 2015).

Competition with education general and expectations public No duly become a barrier in form identity unique a madrasa. Famous madrasas with an emphasis on religious values must still awake. However, madrasas are also necessary to develop the self with modern methods without ignoring the essence of being characteristic typically.

This article aims to understand understanding management, network activity management education in Madrasas, and challenges faced during the process. Remembering the importance of the role of management in institutional education, it is hoped that we, with Serious learning aspects related to management education, can prepare ourselves to become candidate leaders in institutional education.

Research results in This expected can enrich reference knowledge about management education madrasa based. Apart from that, it is also hoped that institutions of madrasa education can utilize results. This means innovative development and actualization management make more education effective.

Research methods

The writer utilizes the literature study method (Library Research) to finish the article. The method chosen to remember data or materials needed originates from sources in the library, such as books, articles, journals, etc.

Results and Discussion

1. Madrasas and their Problems

Madrasas are one of the institutions of formal education recognized in Indonesia, operating equivalent to the general education system. Institution This is divided into several levels, namely, Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI), which is equivalent to school primary (SD), Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs), equivalent to school intermediate first (SMP), Madrasah Aliyah (MA), which is is equivalent with school intermediate upper school (SMA), as well as the parallel Vocational Madrasah Aliyah with school intermediate vocational (SMK).

In running its duties, the madrasa holds various functions of education. Halim (Sahibuddin, 2018) elaborates function as follows: first, the madrasah as owned by society, which means an institution This develops together and for society, with transcending attachment connection emotional religious; secondly, Madrasas operate as a management school, which means freedom and diversity approach education depending on the independence of each school; third, madrasah as teaching institution importance serve religious understanding fellow, confirmed role importance in activity preaching; and fourth, Madrasas play a role as institution cadre formation, which aims give birth to generation pious Muslims, all at once knowledgeable knowledge wide.

Apart from having a function, the madrasah as an institution of formal education is also a targeted achievement objective. Madrasas play a role in supporting achieved objective education nationally. For example, Madrasas tries to encourage participant students in Indonesia to have faith and piety to God Almighty. That matter is an aspect of objective education that later outlined more and became a reference in Islamic religious education in Madrasas (ASLAM, nd).

As an institution of Islamic education, Madrasas face several challenges in influencing the quality of the education they provide. There is a perception between challenges that Madrasas are entity supporters of education in general. This matters because of limited management, resources, power teachers, facilities, financing, and facilities and infrastructure that still need to be made available fully adequate. Besides, because the Madrasah curriculum tends to focus more on religious and institutional aspects, this is often considered an appropriate complement. To fulfill needs, science, and non-religion are covered comprehensively in general system education.

Along with the continuous development of the world of education moving forward, madrasas are demanded to increase power and competition with schools. This matter becomes essential, mainly because it is a must for madrasas to develop field lessons in general. Since early, madrasah has been known as a priority formal institution of Islamic education. However, this madrasa has started losing its unique identity in the current era. This happened because one madrasah side is required to enrich the content of the eye religious studies. On the other hand, they also have to ensure that eye lessons generally Lack quality.

Currently, there are three challenges. The main problems Madrasas face are globalization, changing life patterns in society, and strengthening the character and identity of the madrasah. First, globalization demands that Madrasas contribute to competitive education by presenting an appropriate modern curriculum with international standards. Second, Madrasas must respond to change patterns in the public by creating innovation, adequate education needs, and hopes for the public. Third, effort to compete with institutional education. Generally, no one can ignore the stabilization character and identity unique to the characteristics of a typical madrasah. Education rooted in religious values must exist and develop, integrating contemporary methods without removing the essence from the Madrasah Alone.

In terms of Madrasah management, Kadir explained three main problems. First, there needs to be more human resources outlook breadth and professionalism. This happens Because most of the teachers who graduated from his studies choose to contribute to the school in general, so only a few are selected to work at the madrasah. Second, the misunderstanding intention is sincere, considering Madrasas, in general, are established and managed in a self-supporting way, which often leads to misunderstanding and impacts Madrasah management negatively. Third, the negative stigma attached, namely the image of slums and marginal, gives the perception of Madrasas as an institution lacking education quality or not competitive. (Kadir, 2015)

To compete with institutional education generally, improvement of the quality of education in Madrasas became an essential need. Quality of education reflects capability system education based on matter management and educational processes. That is, to increase mark plus from various input factors to produce maximum output. Based on Sopwandin's opinion, quality education is marked by three main aspects, i.e., quality management, process quality, and quality results. The main goal is for devices and facilities To reach optimal results (Sopwandin, 2020).

Characteristic features of education quality can formulated as follows. First, center attention on the needs of Good internal and external customers. Second, try preventing problems from early with dedication, for doing work with Correct since the beginning. Third, embed significant investment in development source Power man. Fourth, design a comprehensive strategy for achieving quality. Fifth, look at complaints as constructive suggestions. Sixth, apply planning strategies for superior quality. Seventh is process improvement sustainable and involves every individual in duties, functions, and responsibilities answer you have. Eighth, improve the creativity of everyone inside create quality, and motivate others to work with high standards. Ninth, explain roles and responsibilities and answer every team member in a specific way. Prepare clear and defined strategies and criteria with Good (Khan et al., 2018).

2. Curriculum Management

The word " management " originates from Latin, consisting of the words "manus," which means hand, and "agree," which means to do. Combined, these two words produce the verb "manager, "which defines action handle. When translated to English, this word is "managed". There is also the word "management," which refers to the process or activity management, and "manager" is the individual in charge of task management. In Indonesian, "management" is defined as "management" or "management" (Musfah, 2015).

Terminologically, there is various definition as has been explained by experts. For example, George R. Terry suggests that management is a typical series of changes, including action planning, organizing, directing, and controlling. Actions This is executed to reach goals by utilizing sources, Power people, and resources that Power others (Liana, 2012). Harold Koontz and Cyril O'Donnell elaborate that management is an effort to achieve specific through other people's activities. Next, the manager on duty supervises various activities, including planning, organizing, placing, directing, and controlling. According to Fatah Syukur, management is a combination of science and art in managing the utilization process source to Power humans and others efficiently to reach set goals. Based on the third definition, the conclusion is that management will be effective and organized if it explicitly integrates goals of science and art, carrying out processes sequentially coordinating and fertilizing solid cooperation between fields.

Management objectives are to realize things that cover specific fields and give guidelines for a leader in working on it. Shrode and Voich emphasize that objective management lies in achievement satisfaction and productivity (Rahmawati, 2022). That goal will become a pusher for the organization in its management. Therefore, every business has its objective.

In management, tasks need to be run by leaders in an organization. Whereas according to SP Siagian, as Soebagio Atmodiwirjo has read explained in context management, that function refers to all tasks that can held in a way independent (Usman, 2016). The related function associated management with management education is essential in aspect leadership. Following is some of the primary responsibility carried out by a personal leader:

1) Planning (Planning) is function First in setting the desired goal achieved. The planning process covers the determination of aligned goals with vision and mission, evaluation of strengths and weaknesses, consideration of need users, taking note of issue strategic, and formulating a strategy.

2) Organizing is function essential purpose for determining structure, function, and relationships. Organization This responsible answer for set liability limits mutual responsibility and influence related to implementation plans that have been designed.

3) Motivation (Motivating) is a function driving force necessary in awakening Spirit Act during the implementation of existing programs planned. Unwavering motivation becomes an asset with a significant impact on performance when somebody reaches success.

4) Actuating is something the function involved in motivating someone to order them to operate a task with full passion and enthusiasm to reach set goals

5) Facilitating is the process of providing facility in a broad sense, which includes giving a chance to subordinate for develop so that they can generate innovative and creative ideas.

6) Empowering is function-related management with optimization source Power, a human being owned by madrasa institutions. Source Power man: This needs to be managed in good order, which can ultimately provide significant benefits.

7) Supervision (Controlling) is an activity that aims to ensure that implementation goes according to a predetermined plan and prevents unexpected errors from occurring.

8) Evaluation (Evaluating) is the last function of management that works as a measurement and research process to achieve results. This matter aims to identify weaknesses and strengths of implementation education so that in the future, you can produce more development satisfying.

Apart from aspects of management, components important in education needed attention to more details in our curriculum. As the essence of education, the curriculum becomes the primary determinant of the direction and quality of the educational process That Alone. According to Law No. 20 of 2013 concerning the National Education System, curriculum is defined as " a set of plans and arrangements regarding objectives, content and learning materials as well as methods used to guide the ongoing learning activities in achieving certain educational goals "

Islamic education curriculum management can be interpreted as a series of efforts carried out by planning, organizing, implementing, and evaluating curriculum activities based on Islamic values. This matter aims to ensure that participants can reach objective learning effectively and efficiently (Qolbi & Hamami, 2021). Therefore that is very important to empower the management curriculum to obtain more optimal results in its management.

Development curriculum in Islam demands the integration of two aspects of material with wide coverage. The material not only aims to complete participant education with readiness to face the world of work, which includes skills, in-depth knowledge, and competence but also to prepare them for life in the afterlife. Thus, the Islamic curriculum has a comprehensive scope.

If the approach to management curriculum applies Islamic values, then the resulting function will be more substantial, namely:

1. Utilise source Power curriculum effectively and efficiently, optimizing the potential that Allah SWT has bestowed.

2. Guard balance between worldly activity and ukhrowi with the base inner intention of worshiping various aspects of life.

3. Increase the effectiveness of the learning process by teaching as an obligation to demand knowledge and convey it.

4. Increasing motivation for self-assessment for all parties to carry out continuous improvement and continuous improvement in human quality to achieve educational goals.

ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ To face the rapid development of science and technology, the public is directed toward Madrasas, and it is necessary to develop a management curriculum. The connection between madrasah and the management curriculum is very tight to support successful education in Madrasas. Thus, Madrasas can reach planned goals and form knowledgeable Islamic generation-wide.

3. Financial management

Source finance school mainly originates from the government, parents or participants, and the public. Remember, finance's role is essential in the growth and development of A school or institution's education, and management must done with careful and responsible answers.

Principles Management Finance school and its management in Law no. 23 of 2003 Article 48 states that management of education funds is based on principles of fairness, efficiency, transparency, accountability, and effectiveness.

1. Transparency in management finance needs detailed details to avoid giving rise to suspicion or misunderstanding.

2. Accountability is the state in which a person is assessed by other relevant parties regarding the quality of his performance in finishing tasks. He answered that reaching the goal of being a burden was not enough. In context management finance, accountability means that the management of school funds must be accountable for following plans that have been set previously. (Rahmah, 2016)

3. Effectiveness in management finance school possible achievement expected goal, i.e., involve parents and the community.

4. We achieved efficiency through minimum expenditure and achievement income maximum.

4. Facilities and Infrastructure Management

Facilities and infrastructure covers all type of tools used Good in a way direct nor No For supports the learning process teach, which can done in an individual or group as well as in formal or non-formal context (Indrawan, 2015). According to (Mardliana, 2020), the level of quality and quantity means, as well as infrastructure, not possibly maintained continuously. In addition, institutions and education can only depend on help facilities and infrastructure because its nature has yet to be predicted. Therefore that is necessary to plan efforts in management facilities and infrastructure to maintain quality and quantity for a long time (Sinta, 2019).

Rohiyatun explains that institutional education's facilities and infrastructure are essential to support the learning process. It also has facilities and infrastructure that significantly impact the success of educational programs (Hasbiyallah & Ihsan, 2022). Opinion This stated reinforcement that facilities and infrastructure role as factors decider effectiveness of the learning process. It is necessary to support equipment and media to create a quality learning process. For example, the effectiveness of the educational process Can be improved by the condition that room classes are broken and not worth using. Therefore that is, management facilities and infrastructure must be done in a way professional and proportional (Setiawan et al., 2023).

According to (Fuadi, 2019), in his thesis entitled "Facilities and Infrastructure Management at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Ma 'Arif Nu 1 Kembaran," facilities and infrastructure become references in standard national education. As found in:

"PP RI No.19 of 2005 concerning National Education (Standards Article 42: 1) Every educational unit is obliged to have facilities that have furniture, educational equipment, educational media, books and other learning resources, consumable materials, and other equipment needed to support the regular and continuous learning process. 2) Every educational unit is required to have infrastructure that includes land, classrooms, educational unit leadership rooms, education rooms, administration rooms, library rooms, laboratory rooms, work workshop rooms, production unit rooms, canteen rooms, power and service installations, premises exercise, places of worship, places to play, places to be creative, and other spaces/places needed to support an orderly and sustainable learning process."

The opinion of the IKIP Malang Lecturer Team emphasizes that in order for the learning process to take place effectively, considerate special must given to facilities and infrastructure, such as room study, library, laboratory, skills, arts, School Health Business (UKS), facilities sports, guidance and counseling (BP), head schools, administration, teachers, cooperatives, cafeterias, as well as other rooms available utilized For support need school (Fauzi, 2017).

5. Student Management

As described by (Musolin, 2020) in writing, management studentship covers a series of processes designed and implemented in a way that planned and ongoing development for all students in an institution's education. This matter aims for them to follow activities, Study, and teach effectively and efficiently. This process started when reception participant was educated until they finished their education at school. Next, you can evaluate the optimal performance of institution education based on the results of business management students who have held. Management studentship is a form of service that emphasizes management, supervision, and assistance for students, both inside and outside class. Examples of service Include period orientation introduction schools and personal services such as recording the interests and talents of students and supporting the development of self until maturity. Through management, Effective studentship is expected graduate students can implement the learning obtained while at school in public life in a direct way.

Habibi's research results provide support to the opinion that has been delivered previously about management encompassing student affairs and various activities, starting from stage planning in the field of studentship, acceptance of students, grouping students, mentoring, up to activity release or farewell of a student from madrasas, as well other related activities direct with the students (Habibi, 2019). According to Firmanto, management studentship is one of the necessary efforts to ensure that institution education can reach its objective his education (Firmanto, 2017).

Following This is an explanation of activity management student affairs:

Planning in the field studentship covers discussing plans to be executed on the year's agenda, new teachings or who will come. This includes planning curriculum, scheduling activity teaching, determining distribution room class, setting financing students, enforcing Madrasah rules, etc.
Reception students is an activity crucial to quality candidate students who will accepted by the school.
Orientation students aim to introduce them to the environment, physique, school, and social surroundings.
Manage presence and absence of students is also known by the term presence.
Grouping student aim to ensure the learning process is effective and achieving the objective of existing education determined.
Evaluation results Study students were done to know to what extent the students can explore and develop their abilities.

6. Management Challenges

With the progress of the times, the education world must follow Genre development. Continued globalization develops generally based on progress knowledge, knowledge, technology, and various technological innovations. Progress in knowledge and technology, as well as moving globalization so fast, bring significant impact to the world of education. Therefore, there are necessary challenges faced by the world of education, including:

1. Increase trust in the public to institution Islamic education.

Educational institutions that have connections with the public will Keep developing. Although at first facilities available are limited and funds are not a lot, proficiency in management For approaching benefactors, figures and influential people who care about education, as well as an exciting and incoming invitation sense, will encourage the public To send children them to the institution the (Umar, 2016).ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

So, institutions of Islamic education must set standards for the quality given to people who use it institution education. Oriented program quality This must be supported by standards that have been set, as well as needs strategic planning and professionalism source Power people who implement quality programs (Fadhli, 2017). Determine vision and mission by the Koran and Hadith.

Ibn Khaldun formulated a vision of Islamic education based on QS. Al Qashash: 72, which means, and seek what Allah has already bestowed upon you (happiness) the land of the hereafter, and do not You forget your happiness from worldly (pleasures).

Based on the Word of Allah, Ibn Khaldun formulated that objective Islamic education is divided into two, namely: (1) objectives-oriented ukhrawi comes first formation of humans as a fulfilling servant obligation to Allah; (2) purpose-oriented worldly that focuses on the development humans to be able to face needs and challenges alive, so his life become more worthy and giving benefit for fellow (Manik, 2016). Designing an appropriate curriculum needs the public.

Islamic educational institutions need to develop a curriculum that not only focuses on religious knowledge but also includes general knowledge that must be updated periodically To fulfill the ongoing needs of the world of work development.

2. Produce graduates who have Power and high competition.

A learning process supported by learning empowerment-oriented students (student-centric) becomes critical to producing competitive output. Interactive, inspiring, and educational awaken enthusiasm and challenge this, supporting students to participate actively. That process invites initiative, creativity, and harmonious independence with talents and interests students, all at once embed good examples. Through approach learning, it is expected to create graduates who are superior, empowered, and have high self-esteem (Mustari & Rahman, 2014).

3. Improve the performance power of teaching and education.

Professional teachers can show high performance and productivity. Productivity is essential Because it is one of the critical parameters in the enhancement of quality institutional education. Teacher performance is reflected through the results of learning or achievements achieved by students. Therefore, it is crucial to take strategic steps to increase teacher performance, such as carrying out supervision, conducting activity science through education, and evaluating teacher performance.

4. Own adequate facilities and infrastructure.

Islamic Educational Institutions must have adequate facilities and infrastructure for standard national quality education. Among them are the available rooms, adequate and conducive learning facilities, sports, representative places of worship, complete libraries, modern laboratories, and various resources. Study additional support activities study teaching, including effectively utilizing technology information and communication.

5. Integration between religion and science in general.

In general, integration between religion and science will give birth to draft Islamization and integration and interconnection in knowledge knowledge. Islamization process knowledge knowledge This own role is important in overcoming the split between religion and science.

Integration and interconnection aim to dig into diverse science disciplines and formulate continuity and interdisciplinary relationships as bridges to understanding the complexity of life in man. This matter can improve the quality of life in material, moral, and spiritual (Chaeruddin, 2016).

Conclusion

The existence of effective management is critical for expediting the learning process in an institution's education, which is essential and needs a harmonious relationship between the institution with parents or students and the public environment. In context institution education, several management topics can become the focus of discussion, including Madrasas and the problem is management curriculum, facilities and infrastructure, management-related participant education, management finances, and the challenges management faces. Management in institutional education requires all related aspects of education For each other, related or not inseparable. Lack of One aspect of management can result in the stagnation of the learning process in the institutions of education concerned.

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