SCHOOL FINANCING MANAGEMENT IN
IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION
Charisma Adinda1,
Hj. Siti Patimah2
Raden Intan Lampung State
Islamic University
Email:
[email protected]1, [email protected]2
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Abstract |
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Talking about the quality of
education will be directly related to the role of schools as educational
institutions. Teaching and learning management in schools is very important
in determining student success. To achieve good school quality, education
costs must be managed optimally. Therefore, the stages in education financing
management need to be considered. Basically, the aim of education financing
management is to implement an educational process that is in accordance with
the expected learning needs of students. This research process uses
qualitative research methods. Data collection techniques were carried out by
means of observation, documentation and direct interviews with sources.
Schools as one of the institutions that carry out educational activities are
a production process that produces quality graduates, so financing management
is needed so that the quality of graduates can compete to obtain a decent
life in society. Management of funds or educational costs at an institution
must be able to improve the quality of graduates and be able to compete with
other schools based on the principles of justice, efficiency, transparency
and public accountability. The results of this research show that education
financing management must be implemented optimally starting from financing
planning, budgeting, financing implementation, monitoring and controlling
financing as well as responsibility or accountability. So that the
educational process is implemented in accordance with the expected learning
needs of students. So it can be concluded that the management of teaching and
learning in schools is very important in determining student success. To
achieve good school quality, education costs must be managed optimally. Keywords: Education
Financing Management, School Quality, Islamic Education. |
Education is one aspect most important in increasing
state (Herdiansyah &
Kurniati, 2020) however, several problems related to the maintenance
of education matter equity, relevance, efficiency, and quality education.
Quality education is related directly to the role of
the school as an institution of education (Juliantoro, 2017). Management Study teaching at school greatly
determines the student's success. This school's role is vital in creating
students with the knowledge, skills, marks, religion, and high social (Nursyifa, 2019). Thus, school is an agent that must noticed regarding
the learning process.
The problem is that a classic still often descends
upon institutions' education; in particular institutions, Islamic education is
a problem of equality education and financing said education Not yet maximum in
the relationship (Tamam, 2018)that impact almost all component education other.
Whereas cost education is one component, Instrumental input (instrumental
input) is crucial in the maintenance of education at schools and madrasas.
Costs and financing of education are decisive in every effort to achieve objective
education (Rahman, 2017). Almost No There is effort education available ignore
role costs, so can said that without costs, educational process Not yet Can
walk in a way maximum.
At the level of planning, program outreach,
procurement facilities, implementation, supervision, evaluation, instrument
supporter education, almost everything needs cost, OK in a way direct nor No.
More than that, deep effort success various educational agendas, good in a way
direct or not, either by the government or party private, financing be one
although no the only factor affecting the result. The
reason is that cost is pushing the speed of various programs to achieve goals
that have been set.
By applicative, maintenance education needs cost. This
matter caused management education in all activities, requiring facilities and
infrastructure for the teaching process, services, program implementation, and
the welfare of existing teachers and employees. All That needs budget (Junaedi & Enas, 2018). What becomes a problem is how financing is managed
by the institution of Islamic education (Junaedi & Enas,
2018) (Nurhayati et al.,
2022). More than That, a frequent problem that appeared on
the surface is that institutional education cannot manage with a Good existing
budget, so experience gap in implementation. Limited funds demand manager
institution education for creativity, sensitivity to opportunity, building
relations, and managing existing funds with Good.
Objective management financing education is How
financing For education can produce quality productivity in the learning
process (Riski, 2019). For achievement, target quality must balanced with sufficient costs. With increased quality
source power and means, infrastructure must be supported with costs that are
not small (Atmaja, 2018).
Research result: This obtained that its effectiveness
is something management financing education also influenced by several
activities like Plan Activities and Budget School (RKAS), sources of funds,
distribution, monitoring, and evaluation financing education at school (Nurhakim, 2023). Management financing education is planned,
implemented, and evaluated in A Plan Activities and Budget Proven School
(RKAS). With proof of physical form and transparent financials, a deep period
has been determined research purposes: How management financing schools
increase quality education (Solehan, 2022).
This research uses qualitative research. Aims to
understand the management of school financing. The form of data in qualitative
research is in the form of word for word, not in the form of a series of
numbers, then the researcher arranges it in the form of developed text. The
main data source in qualitative research is words and the rest is additional
data such as documents and so on.
Financing management in improving the quality of
education in Islamic schools requires the presence of direct reviewers so that
the reviewers know how the financing management process works so that the
quality of education can improve. This research aims to better understand and
understand financing management in improving the quality of education in terms
of implementation, strategy results, connecting factors and inhibiting factors
in the scope of financing management strategies. The choice of research setting
is based on the appropriate characteristics between the research title and the
selected setting conditions. Temporary observations show that there are many
performance results of educational quality components such as teaching staff
and educational staff, educational financing, and infrastructure that are able
to produce learning achievements obtained in 2019 and 2020. Apart from that,
researchers also want to dig deeper into the contribution of financing
management to a quality of education.
Sources who can be asked for information regarding
school financing management consist of the Principal, School Treasurer,
Teachers, Employees, School Committee and students. This research was conducted
for one month. Data sources in this research include primary data sources, such
as the results of interviews with informants and observations. Apart from that,
secondary data was obtained from documents and notes that were relevant to this
research. Data collection techniques in this research used interview,
observation and documentation techniques. The data analysis technique in this
research consists of three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation,
and data verification.
1. Management
Financing
Management
is something activities in it there is planning, organizing, implementing, and
controlling with notice of existing components so that objectives together can
achieved (Erwinsyah, 2017). This
prevents the help of every member because in reaching the objective together,
every member must work together and mutually support each other with the method
to do their respective tasks according to the job desk obtained.
Management started from the word manage, which means arrange or manage.
In
improving functions, management can be separated from problem cost (Arifudin, Sholeha, & Umami, 2021). Cost is
an important and influential aspect in every course of the educational process.
Adequate costs will also impact the product and the output produced. Moreover,
education includes state investments that are necessary and potentially
profitable because education can enlighten the nation and increase the economy.
Agis
Irianto defines cost education as one of the essential instrumental components
in institutional education. This cost has comprehensive coverage of all related
expenses with maintenance education. Good in the form of money or goods and
energy specific (Abidin, 2017).
Management
financing is a decision comprehensive of all processes regarding effort in
acquiring and distributing cost based on planning, analysis, and control
according to principle management that demands
management cost always supervise as well as take into account efficiency and
effectiveness.
Retractable
conclusion that management financing is a management process from the funds
collected. Where are the funds? Utilized as activity Study teach. In
management, financing education must be effective and efficient because
financing is the main point in realizing adequate education.
2. Quality
of Education
Quality
or quality started from the English language. Quality in Indonesian is
called quality. Quality owns various understandings such as (1) a unique
and different character from another, (2) a barometer of character kind
highest, (3) has good condition. According to the KBBI, quality means measuring
between Good or harmful objects.
Quality
can be said as application from Ihsan's heavy teachings do deed good throughout
creature life for the reason that Allah SWT has give His favor with abundant so
that We can utilise matter the with the best. As well as us creature earth
prohibited for make damage whatever the shape. This matter based on the Koran
Surah Al- Qashas verse 77:
وَابْتَغِ
فِيْمَآ
اٰتٰىكَ
اللّٰهُ
الدَّارَ
الْاٰخِرَةَ
وَلَا تَن ْسَ
نَصِيْبَكَ مِنَ
الدُّنْيَا
وَاَحْسِنْ
كَمَآ اَحْسَنَ
اللّٰهُ
اِلَيْكَ
وَلَا تَبْغَ
يُحِبُّ الْمُفْسِدِيْنَ
�And seek
(reward) the land of the afterlife with what has God bestowed upon you, but
don't You forget it your part in the world and do be kind (to others) as Allah
has been do Good to you, and don't You do destruction on earth. God does not
like people who do it damage".
The
verse explains that somebody should work with a commitment to the process,
quality, and satisfying results. According to Crosby, quality is conformance
to requirements (conformity with specified matters). Something product said
to have quality, if by standards/criteria specified quality.
Quality
has Miscellaneous criteria and criteria that change continuously. Everyone will
have Different criteria and choices, too. So you can
conclude that quality is size quality, so quality has reached standards that
have been determined and impact on customer satisfaction.
Quality
of education is the responsibility of the educational process in reaching
satisfaction with customers with methods that increase interest and develop
talent as well as interest customers (Sadiah, 2022). On the
other hand, it must also reach standards targeted by stakeholders, namely those
who finance it in production or products from the educational process.
In
focus education, quality is tightly related to the agenda and product
education. This can achieve the target or hope by levels and standards in
society in the world of work. Quality of education has two words that begin
with quality and education, which refers to the quality of the product produced
by an institution of education or madrasah. This matter can seen
from many participating students who have academic and non-academic, as well as
relevant graduates with mission and goals.
Education
is said quality. If education, the capable fulfill standards, as capable
fulfill the hopes and needs of society, schools, and teachers must have high
hopes for students. Teachers give service to learning and provide satisfaction
to participants in their education. Head schools give satisfaction to the
workers, educators, and education others, and in performance institutional in a
way whole give satisfaction to the public.
3. Scope
Education Financing
Management
financing at least has three room scope, i.e., planning financing (budgeting),
implementation financing (accounting), and evaluation financing (auditing).
1) Planning
financing (budgeting)
Planning
finance arranged school in a way Goodwill at a time is wisdom its use in
school. It will make it easier to carry out activity supervision. Planning is done
by the head school, teachers, staff schools, and administrators committee
school. They held meetings to determine needs and activities in school in a
time-specific way.
In
deciding cost unit education, There are two
approaches: macro and micro. Approach macro base calculation whole amount
expenditure education received from various source of funds later shared the
number of students. Approach micro base calculation cost based on allocated
expenditure per component education students use.
2) Implementation
financing (accounting)
Implementation
is something action or implementation from existing plans arranged in a mature
and detailed way; implementation is usually done after planning is Already
considered Ready. By simple implementation, it can be interpreted as an
application. Implementation activity expenditure finance refers to the planning
Ynag has set. The mechanism used in the implementation activity must be
correct, effective, and efficient.
After
planning financing education is completed and approved by all components
involved, and results A Plan Activities and Budget School (RKAS), stages
management furthermore that is implementation financing education. Activity
implementation Madrasa financing includes two activities, i.e., receipts and
expenditures. Receipts and expenses from necessary financial sources are
recorded based on procedure harmonious management with the agreement that has
been made, OK form draft theoretical nor regulation government.
3) Evaluation
financing (auditing)
Evaluation
financing education is a tool for measure from look results plan yang stated in
the planning. Give rewards to appropriate staff who demonstrated performance
and design, as well as plan returns while repairing things that are not
perfect. Evaluation in administration financing represents activity measure
level effectiveness. Work individually and efficiently using a method or tool
to help business confidence. To use reach objective financing. Observe level
effectiveness. It means evaluating actions or activities that have been done,
whether they have produced something planned or, at least, whether the activity
has walked over actual rails and not deviated from planning or goals that have
been set.
4. Problems
and Solutions for Financing Islamic Education
In
general, madrasas face deep problems: these religion-based schools face
problems financing education. If seen from the aspect of cause, results study
Research and Development Center for Religion and Religious Education 2006 about
financing education in madrasas mentioned that difficulties faced by internal
madrasas management financing education started from problems raising funds
Alone. The main obstacle is The limited possible
sources of funds excavated. So far, the primary source of funds for madrasah
operations is the average student tuition fees. The source of these funds is
the source of funds remains, though nominally amount of funds available
collected No how much, considering most madrasas are on the outskirts of
city/rural and serving education for originating students from family level
economy not enough capable like workers, farmers, employees low other.
Madrasas
gain income from internal SPP components. The amount is small because the
madrasa itself must set magnitude appropriate tuition fees with the social
economy society in which he is. However, this has already experienced change
along with the aid fund policy Operational School (BOS) provided to all
elementary and middle schools. However, the matter still needs to be closer to
the financing necessary for education.
Examining
the problem above then requires strategic steps in the solution. According to
economics, writers need to notice several things. First, problem
financing is a compassionate thing in its existence. This matter Can bring
progress to an institution If managed well; on the contrary, it will bring the
institution down if the components or parties in the institution are No managed
professionally, have principled openness, are not oriented towards improvement,
and interests of nature are just personal. Therefore, all existing components
in institutional education related to the drafting process financing education
must involved. This matter is done as form principle
openness, togetherness, and responsible answers on trustworthy institutional
must carried together. The good and the lousy institutions become accountable
together.
Second,
related to placement allocation of funds, parties attempted to organize and
manage with OK; how much is the existing budget? Budget That is spent or
allocated, as well what is the reporting system?. Third,
head school as a driving force is hoped to have Skills entrepreneurship (skills
entrepreneurship), managerial ability, and supervision. Fourth,
madrassas should involve the public in budgeting and financing education via
regular meetings or can be tucked into the meeting discussion to increase
school/graduation such things done as form principle
openness. Fifth, Islamic education institutions are madrasas as
religious-based institutions in which values are sublime and expected to hold
firm principles of justice, trust, honesty, deliberation, openness, discipline,
etc. Principles must held steadfast by all elements of
the institution. Thus, there is expected to be a solution to management
financing education, which will form institutionally good Islamic education,
particularly in problem financing education.
Financing management is a process of optimizing,
allocating financial resources and distributing them as facilities to support
an effective, conducive and efficient learning process. Financing management is
an overall decision regarding business activities in obtaining and allocating
funds based on planning, analysis and control.
Improving the quality of education is progress
produced in the educational process so as to produce the quality and quality of
education in accordance with the demands of the times and the needs of the
educational community as targeted.
Meanwhile, several studies state that the difficulties
often faced by madrasas in managing education financing originate from the
problem of raising the funds themselves. The main obstacles are the limited
financial resources that can be explored, human resources which can be said to
be still low, and the community's supporting capacity is also low. Therefore,
parties within the madrasah must be able to properly organize and manage
education financing, how much budget there is, how the budget is spent or
allocated, and what the reporting system is.
The influence exerted by education financing
management in Islamic schools is in the strong category. This proves that with
good financing management, it will be able to increase conformity with the
plans made by the school in the form of RKAS. However, several obstacles prove
that it still needs to be improved at the implementation stage. This will
affect the achievement of quality education as a school goal.
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